Sustainability in space calls for innovation and regulation

Sustainability in space calls for innovation and regulation

Sustainability in space calls for innovation and regulation
Debris traveling at high velocities pose significant risks to active satellites and space missions. (Shutterstock illustration)
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On Aug. 7, a Chinese Long March 6A rocket disintegrated in low-Earth orbit, creating a debris cloud made up of hundreds of fragments.

The rocket, launched from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center, was carrying 18 G60 satellites for the Thousand Sails constellation, which is intended to compete with SpaceX’s Starlink.

The incident has highlighted growing concerns over the issue of space debris and the threat it poses to other low-orbit objects and future space missions.

It has also underscored the urgent need for better debris mitigation strategies to ensure the sustainability of space activities.

According to the European Space Agency, as of 2024, there are in Earth’s orbit approximately 40,500 space debris objects larger than 10 centimeters, 1.1 million objects between 1 centimeter and 10 centimeters, and 130 million objects between 1 millimeter and 1 centimeter.

These objects, traveling at high velocities, pose significant risks to active satellites and space missions.

Initiatives such as the Space Sustainability Rating, developed by the World Economic Forum and other leading institutions, aim to promote sustainable practices in space missions by evaluating aspects like mission design, collision avoidance, and data sharing.

Additionally, the UN Office for Outer Space Affairs has been instrumental in developing guidelines for space debris mitigation, endorsed by the UN General Assembly in 2007, although enforcement remains a challenge.

Innovative solutions, such as active debris removal, laser ablation, and drag augmentation devices, are being developed to tackle the issue of space debris.

Companies including CleanSpace and Astroscale, for instance, are working on the means to capture and remove large pieces of debris using robotic arms or nets.

Laser ablation uses ground- or space-based lasers to gently push debris into lower orbits, which will eventually burn up in the Earth’s atmosphere.

With the number of new satellites expected to reach 20,000 or more in the next decade, it is crucial to establish enforceable international norms and guidelines to prevent the addition of more debris.

Khaled Abou Zahr 

Drag augmentation devices, such as drag sails, can be attached to satellites at the end of their missions to increase atmospheric drag and hasten their re-entry and burn-up.

On-orbit servicing, which includes refueling, repairing, or upgrading existing satellites, is also seen as a potential solution to reduce the need for new satellite launches.

These solutions are crucial for supporting a sustainable space environment and ensuring the safety of future space missions.

However, financing these efforts remains a critical challenge.

Currently, government grants, private investments, and international collaborations support space debris removal initiatives.

For instance, the European Space Agency has fully funded the next phase of the ClearSpace-1 mission, which aims to remove large debris objects from orbit.

Some analysts have proposed including debris removal costs in mandatory insurance for stakeholders, though this could further increase the already high costs of space missions.

With the number of new satellites expected to reach 20,000 or more in the next decade, it is crucial to establish enforceable international norms and guidelines to prevent the addition of more debris.

Before long, we will also have to consider guidelines to prevent pollution on future lunar settlements.

• Khaled Abou Zahr is the founder of SpaceQuest Ventures, CEO of EurabiaMedia, and editor of Al-Watan Al-Arabi.
 

 

Disclaimer: Views expressed by writers in this section are their own and do not necessarily reflect Arab News' point of view

Ex-India coach Shastri expects Rohit to ‘pull plug’ on Test career

Ex-India coach Shastri expects Rohit to ‘pull plug’ on Test career
Updated 1 min 42 sec ago
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Ex-India coach Shastri expects Rohit to ‘pull plug’ on Test career

Ex-India coach Shastri expects Rohit to ‘pull plug’ on Test career
  • The 37-year-old opener has had a poor Australia series and failed to show up for India’s eve-of-match presser
  • India’s coach Gautam Gambhir instead fronted the media and declined to throw his support behind Rohit Sharma

SYDNEY: Former India coach Ravi Shastri said Friday he expected skipper Rohit Sharma to “pull the plug” on his red-ball career after being left out of the fifth Test against Australia in Sydney.
The 37-year-old opener has had a poor series and the writing was on the wall when he failed to show up for India’s eve-of-match press conference.
Coach Gautam Gambhir instead fronted the media and declined to throw his support behind him.
Stand-in captain Jasprit Bumrah insisted at the coin toss Friday that Rohit had “opted to rest” for the good of the team rather than being forced out.
But Shastri suspects it is the end of Rohit’s 67-Test career, predicting a retirement announcement after the game.
“It still is a brave call for a captain to own up and say, ‘I’m prepared to take the bench in this game,’” Shastri said while commentating on Fox Sports.
“If there was a home season coming up he might’ve thought of carrying on, but I think he might just pull the plug at the end of this Test.
“It’s not that India don’t have youngsters. There are very, very good players in the wings and it’s time to build.
“Tough decisions, but there is a time for everything.”
Rohit quit T20 international cricket last year after lifting the World Cup, but is yet to call time on his ODI career.
He missed the first Test in Perth for the birth of his second child and has not looked fully engaged since, failing to get past 10 runs in any of his five innings.
His recent form comes on the back of a similarly poor return during India’s 3-0 home series loss to New Zealand during October-November.
“Our captain has shown his leadership, he’s opted to rest in this game,” Bumrah said at the toss.
“So that shows there’s a lot of unity in our team, there’s no selfishness, whatever is in the team’s best interest, we are looking to do that.”
Should Rohit call it quits, it would be the second retirement of the tour with off-spinning great Ravichandran Ashwin heading home after the third Test at the Gabba.
Ashwin was not selected for Brisbane, which appeared to be the final straw for the 38-year-old.


REVIEW: ‘Squid Game’ enters a holding pattern 

REVIEW: ‘Squid Game’ enters a holding pattern 
Updated 14 min 8 sec ago
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REVIEW: ‘Squid Game’ enters a holding pattern 

REVIEW: ‘Squid Game’ enters a holding pattern 
  • Second season of the hit Netflix show feels tentative, ahead of its upcoming finale 

LONDON: The success of “Squid Game” in 2021 made a second season an inevitability, rather than a mere possibility proffered by a hopeful epilogue scene. But because this smash-hit show came out of South Korea, there was also an optimistic air to its steadily approaching release — could this addictively bleak dystopian thriller sidestep a lot of the Hollywood pitfalls and deliver a second season that was at least the equal of the first? 

Although it’s a sidestep of its own, the answer is… we’re not sure yet. And that’s because, although it’s billed as season two, these seven new episodes were shot back-to-back with season three (coming in 2025 and confirmed to be the last). So what you’re essentially getting here is the setup for the big finale still to come. That perhaps explains why, though the first season dropped viewers into the murderous titular competition pretty quickly, the actual ‘game’ of the second season of “Squid Game” doesn’t start until midway through the third episode. Before that, we’re reintroduced to main protagonist Seong Gi-hun (Lee Jung-Jae, still far and away the best thing about the show). Having won the first season’s brutal series of children’s games (for which the losers’ penalty is death), Gi-hun is spending his reward money trying to bring down the organizers of the competition, teaming up with season one detective Hwang Jun-ho (Wi Ha-joon) in an attempt to topple the shady cartel that is pressganging cash-strapped Koreans into murdering each other for money. When his plan to catch the game’s Front Man fails, he instead joins the latest intake, intent on helping the contestants escape with their lives. 

It’s an odd choice to spend so long building up to the competition — and even dallying on whether it can be proved it even exists — when that’s what viewers are here for. Once the games get going, “Squid Game” is as breathless and shocking as ever, and with a new cast of characters, there are fresh backstories to mine and some pretty pointed social commentary on greed, capitalism and social care (Korean commentators have suggested that the subtitles miss a few of the nuances of the script, which may be why some of the satire seems a little on the nose). Perhaps acknowledging what audiences will remember, there’s also a few decent twists that deserve to remain a surprise.  

But while season two of “Squid Game” is still great television, there’s no small amount of bloat here — and a sense of treading water for the final round still to come.  


Incoming: The hottest TV shows set to air in 2025 

Incoming: The hottest TV shows set to air in 2025 
Updated 28 min 15 sec ago
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Incoming: The hottest TV shows set to air in 2025 

Incoming: The hottest TV shows set to air in 2025 
  • From long-awaited returns to emotional send-offs, via some intriguing new material, here are the series we can’t wait to see this year 

‘Severance’ season 2 

Starring: Adam Scott, Zach Cherry, Britt Lower 

The first season of this darkly humorous sci-fi tinged psychological thriller brought deserved critical acclaim for its creator Dan Erickson, and directors Ben Stiller and Aoife McArdle, as well as its brilliant cast. The show focuses on a group of employees at a mysterious corporation who have agreed to undergo a procedure known as “severance,” which divides their memories between their time in and out of work, thus creating two different lives, with distinct personalities, but who begin to question both the ethics of the procedure, and their own reasons for accepting it.  

‘The Last of Us’ season 2 

Starring: Bella Ramsey, Pedro Pascal, Gabriel Luna 

Not just a great video game adaptation, but a great show in general. This post-apocalyptic drama is set a couple of decades into a pandemic in which a fungal infection turns its hosts into zombie-like monsters and centers on a teenage girl (Ellie) who is somehow immune to infection and the smuggler (Joel) who agreed to escort her on a journey across the US and gradually becomes a father figure to her. The chemistry between Ramsey as Ellie and Pascal as Joel is utterly convincing and the series, like the games it is based on, is a quietly devastating work of art. 

‘Stranger Things’ season 5 

Starring: Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Millie Bobby Brown 

One last visit to the Upside Down, and one last visit to Hawkins, Indiana, to catch up with psychokinetic Eleven and her friends as they fight to save the Earth from the aforementioned alternate dimension. Over the last decade, “Stranger Things” has been one of the biggest shows in the world — an irresistible mix of horror, sci-fi, coming-of-age drama, and Eighties nostalgia. Here’s hoping showrunners The Duffer Brothers can stick the landing. 

‘The Bear’ season 4 

Starring: Jeremy Allen White, Ebon Moss-Bachrach, Ayo Edebiri 

After the dizzying heights reached in its first two seasons, the third outing of this hyper-tense kitchen-based drama (it barely seems worth repeating that — despite its Emmy categorization — “The Bear” really isn’t a comedy) was something of a stagnant disappointment. But a disappointing episode of “The Bear” still beats the best efforts of 90 percent of what’s on television, and it wouldn’t be a great surprise if season four is a triumphant return to form for ace chef Carmy Berzatto as he strives to make a success of his family’s titular restaurant. There’s a lot on the line, though, with season three ending just as Carmy starts to read the make-or-break restaurant review that could mean he loses his financial backer.  

‘Zero Day’  

Starring: Robert De Niro, Lizzy Caplan, Jesse Plemons 

A political conspiracy thriller that looks like being one of the most intriguing new shows of 2025. With a stellar cast and some serious pedigree among the creators — showrunner Eric Newman (“Narcos”), former NBC News president Noah Oppenheim, and The New York Times’ Washington correspondent Michael S. Schmidt — this story focuses on a former US president, George Mullen (De Niro), who is called out of retirement to investigate a cyberattack responsible for killing thousands of Americans.  

‘A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms’ 

Starring: Peter Claffey, Dexter Sol Ansell, Finn Bennett 

If “House of the Dragon” isn’t enough “Game of Thrones” universe for you, then here’s another prequel, this time based on George R.R. Martin’s “Tales of Dunk and Egg” novellas — set almost a century before the events of “Game of Thrones. The show will focus on hedge knight Ser Duncan the Tall (Dunk) and his young squire Aegon Targaryen (Egg), who will grow up to become King Aegon V and sit the Iron Throne, and their wanderings across Westeros. Martin has given the show his seal of approval, saying after visiting the set that the cast seemed to have “walked out of the pages of my book.” The approval of the fans may be harder to earn. 

‘Black Mirror’ season 7 

Starring: Awkwafina, Paul Giamatti, Emma Corrin 

Season seven of the acclaimed sci-fi/horror anthology series created by Charlie Brooker is confirmed as returning this year with a run of six episodes, two of which, Brooker told the audience at Netflix’s Geeked Week event in September, are “basically feature-length.” There’s little information about the stories so far, but the little we have is pretty exciting — one will be a sequel to one of the show’s most-loved episodes, the season four opener “USS Callister” (pictured).  


REVIEW: ‘Beast Games’ — the biggest prize in TV history, and a telling snapshot of our times

REVIEW: ‘Beast Games’ — the biggest prize in TV history, and a telling snapshot of our times
Updated 48 min 4 sec ago
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REVIEW: ‘Beast Games’ — the biggest prize in TV history, and a telling snapshot of our times

REVIEW: ‘Beast Games’ — the biggest prize in TV history, and a telling snapshot of our times

DUBAI: It’s a high bar, but “Beast Games” might be the most cynical TV show ever produced. Amazon — owned by Jeff Bezos; estimated net worth $251 billion — throws a reported $100 million at 26-year-old social-media behemoth Jimmy Donaldson (aka MrBeast; estimated net worth $500 million) so he can make a reality competition show that borrows heavily from a hugely successful fictional South Korean show and gives the “largest ever cast” (1,000 participants) the opportunity to win $5 million (the “largest ever single prize”) and a host of other ‘smaller’ (i.e. still huge) prizes along the way.

Why? Probably not because the studio execs — or Bezos himself — are huge MrBeast fans. But think of all the data to be mined when the latter’s 340 million YouTube subscribers sign up to Amazon Prime — that’s the kind of payoff that makes it worthwhile (and $100 million for Amazon is kind of like a regular person’s $5). 

And what do the audience get in return for surrendering their personal info to the rapacious advertiser and retailer? Basically “Squid Game” without any deaths, but with much of that show’s energy and aesthetics. Donaldson and his crew of long-time friends/assistants have built careers out of giving away huge amounts of money to people for completing challenges (or snatching it from them if they fail), and now they’re doing it with higher production values.

The tasks (at least in the first three episodes) are straightforward, childish even (catch a ball; throw a ball into a receptacle…), but the mind games are intense — often, competitors must sacrifice themselves so others can continue. Those that choose to do so look absolutely bereft. If you’re wondering whether anyone involved in “Beast Games” picked up on the fact that “Squid Game” was intended to satirize the spiritual vacuum of late-stage capitalism via the portrayal of the gleeful exploitation of desperate, cash-strapped people for entertainment, we’re guessing the answer’s no.

Still, as a TV show, “Beast Games” is compelling in its way — think “Ultimate Fail” videos crossed with “The Traitors.” It’s slickly packaged and fast-moving (within the first half-hour, half of the contestants are culled), like MrBeast’s YouTube content. The psychology is fascinating — the weird notion so many of the contestants have that they’re “destined” to win a game of mostly chance and not much skill, or that, somehow, “needing” it enough will see them through; or the way that, within a matter of hours, herd mentality and peer pressure make people forget that they’re competing to try and secure life-changing money for their loved ones rather than impress a group of almost-strangers to whom they owe nothing.  

“Beast Games” keeps you engaged, then, but it doesn’t keep you invested. That’s partly because Donaldson and co., who come across as affable and a bit goofy online, haven’t made the jump to “traditional” media comfortably. Particularly Donaldson, who, as a gameshow host, lacks warmth and charisma and spends much of his time shouting dystopian catchphrases (“Everyone has a price!” or, gazing down on the contestants from the wall of Beast City, “They look like ants!”).

It will be an enormous success.


Dense smog shrouds Indian capital, threatening to disrupt flights

Dense smog shrouds Indian capital, threatening to disrupt flights
Updated 03 January 2025
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Dense smog shrouds Indian capital, threatening to disrupt flights

Dense smog shrouds Indian capital, threatening to disrupt flights
  • Delhi ranked third among the world’s most polluted capitals in Friday’s live rankings by Swiss group IQAir
  • On social media, India’s largest airline IndiGo and low-cost carrier Spicejet caution against weather delays

NEW DELHI: Thick smog engulfed the Indian capital on Friday, prompting warnings of possible flight disruptions from airport and airline officials, as worsening air quality cut visibility to zero in some areas.
Delhi, which has been battling smog and poor air quality since the beginning of winter, ranked third among the world’s most polluted capitals in Friday’s live rankings by Swiss group IQAir.
No diversion or cancelation has been reported yet, an airport spokesperson said, although authorities warned in a post on X that aircraft lacking equipment to enable landings in low visibility could face difficulties.
On social media, India’s largest airline IndiGo and low-cost carrier Spicejet also cautioned against weather delays.
Delays averaged eight minutes for 20 flights by 10:14 a.m., aviation website FlightRadar24 said.
Some train services in the capital were also delayed, media said.
New Delhi’s air quality was rated “very poor” on Friday, with an index score of 351, the country’s top pollution control body said, well beyond the levels from zero to 50 that it considers “good.”